Resilience-enabling interventions based on building typology approach for earthquake applications

Historic urban centers in seismic regions face heightened vulnerability due to ageing construction systems, heritage constraints, and increasing demands for energy efficiency and climate resilience. This paper presents a typologydriven analysis of earthquake-induced damage in the historic center of Camerino (Italy), based on post-event AeDES (Agibilità e Danno nell'Emergenza Sismica - Usability and Damage in Seismic Emergency) assessment data from the 2016-2017 Central Italy earthquake sequence. Six seismic building typologies, previously identified through hierarchical clustering, are examined with a focus on the distribution, severity, and spatial extension of structural and non-structural damages across key components, including vertical structures, floors, stairs, roofs, partitions, and secondary elements. The results reveal distinct cluster-specific vulnerability patterns, showing that seismic risk is not only associated with the occurrence of damage but critically with its extent and recurrence across building components, with some typologies exhibiting widespread yet localized medium and heavy damage, while others demonstrate greater resilience or consistent but limited damage extension. By linking these detailed damage profiles to the suitability of energy-related and seismic retrofit interventions, the study highlights the added value of component-level damage analysis for prioritizing targeted, and heritage-compatible interventions.

Keywords: Building typology, Camerino, historical center, earthquake, clustering, energy interventions..